The cathode material, which accounts for 40% of the cost of the battery cell, has developed from coil technology and coil cost to coil "strategy". The closed-loop layout from resources to recycling is becoming increasingly important among individual enterprises.
On the one hand, resource side prices fluctuate periodically, and the bulk nature of positive electrode materials is prominent.
Taking Q1 2023 as an example, the significant increase and decrease in lithium prices directly led to a "significant drop" in the performance of multiple positive electrode material companies due to the provision of inventory depreciation reserves, making resource control a key means for enterprises to avoid risks.
On the other hand, the lithium battery recycling market has maintained a high growth rate. According to data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, 115000 tons of waste power batteries were recycled from January to May, exceeding the total amount of 2022.
While the market is rapidly expanding, the industry landscape is uncertain, and positive electrode material companies are vigorously promoting the implementation of the recycling puzzle of waste batteries and resource regeneration.
In recent years, positive material enterprises such as Dangsheng Technology, Huayou Cobalt, Rongbai Technology and Hunan Yuneng are accelerating their entry into Battery recycling to build a closed-loop layout of positive material industry from resources to recycling. Among them, Ningxia Hanyao has achieved remarkable results in the industrialization of high-performance cathode materials rich in lithium manganese, and has made rapid progress in recent years.
On July 19, the first phase of the 50000 ton waste Battery recycling recovery and restoration project of Shandong Huajin, a subsidiary of Ningxia Hanyao, was completed and put into operation in Feicheng City, Tai'an. The first phase of the project has an annual output of 20000 tons of Lithium iron phosphate, and the second phase plans to build 30000 tons of Lithium iron phosphate and ternary pole materials, which are expected to be put into production in 2025. On the day of production, high-level executives from Ningxia Hanyao and Shandong Huajin signed on-site contracts with important customers and suppliers.
Reduce costs by 20%
Recycling, repair, high utilization, and high restoration
At the commissioning ceremony, Wang Zhengwei, president of Suzhou Xingheng Power Research Institute, said that just as Ningxia Hanyao entered the cathode field with lithium rich manganese based materials, Shandong Huajin entered the recovery track with the "physical+chemical" repair process, and the construction of differentiated advantages will give enterprises the first chance to seize the track.
Wu Ping, chairman of Shandong Huajin, told Gaogong Lithium that the common hydrometallurgical recovery, through which various precursors and lithium salts are obtained, and then returned to the cathode material through Solid-phase synthesis. The recovery and repair process of Huajin integrates efficient separation technology, chemical repair technology, physical shaping technology, and structural regeneration technology to achieve short process, high efficiency, and low energy consumption recovery of cathode materials and collector aluminum foil.
The recycling concept of "repair" as the core ensures that the products obtained by Huajin have a high degree of performance comparable to that of primary materials. The company has independently developed impurity removal technology and condensed multiple technical patents, resulting in low impurity Al and low magnetism in the products. Its self-developed positive electrode strip stripping equipment has achieved a stripping rate of over 85% for iron lithium electrode strips and over 75% for ternary electrode strips.
It is worth mentioning that Huajin ensures high material performance through its unique adhesive removal process.
Based on the above construction of core technical barriers, the Lithium iron phosphate recovered by Huajin has achieved cost reduction of nearly 20% while ensuring various performance indicators of the product.
Taking the first phase of the production of 20000 tons of Lithium iron phosphate recovery and repair project as an example, the cost of the obtained product is 15%~20% lower than that of conventional lithium iron phosphate. Among them, without removing glue, the capacity of iron lithium (HJ-P1) is 139mAh/g, with a cycle of 4000 to 6000 cycles at room temperature of 1C, and a compaction density of 2.35g/cm ³; Gel removal and repair of iron lithium (HJ-P2) with a capacity of 140mAh/g, with a room temperature 1C cycle of 4000-6000 cycles, and a compaction density of 2.4g/cm ³。
It is reported that through sample verification, Huajin Repair's iron lithium products have been recognized by multiple downstream customers in the power and energy storage fields.
Establish a closed-loop positive electrode industry chain
Release of synergistic benefits
At present, maintaining a high incremental recycling market continues to attract new entrants into the track, and market competition is becoming increasingly fierce. How to establish the enterprise itself before the formation of the pattern tests every participant in the recycling market.
In response, Wu Ping stated that maintaining the ability to continuously benefit downstream customers through the construction of product, technology, and scale advantages should be the core of the competition in the recycling value track.
He mentioned that most companies are participating in the recycling industry, and in order to ensure the high-speed circulation of products, they will quickly seize the market through high investment in the early stages. However, it should be noted that long-term high investment is not conducive to the orderly operation of enterprises.
Compared to recycling companies that use lithium salts and precursor products, they enter battery cell factories through material companies. Thanks to the deep development of high-performance positive electrode materials - ultra 300mAh/g high capacity lithium rich manganese based materials - by the parent company Hanyao Group, Huajin has accumulated a deep understanding of positive electrode materials and directly obtained positive electrode materials through the construction of recycling and repair technology advantages, achieving mutual benefit with battery cell factories.
Meanwhile, Wu Ping also pointed out that wet smelting also has its own advantages, and in the future, Huajin will also layout wet recycling.
In terms of industrial chain collaboration, Huajin mainly adopts the following three methods: collaborating with battery cell factories to recycle unused battery cells and electrode plates, and selling the recovered materials back to the original battery cell factory. It is worth mentioning that this method has a higher consistency between the repaired product and the original primary material for the partner. In addition, Huajin can also purchase battery cells and electrode plates from battery cell factories and distributors to ensure the stability of incoming materials through these two sources.
Facing the rapidly growing recycling market, Shandong Huajin's recycling scale is also accelerating its expansion. Including the Phase I Lithium iron phosphate recovery and repair project put into production this time, the company plans to build 30000 tons of Lithium iron phosphate and ternary pole materials in Phase II, and plans to start construction in 2024 and put into production in 2025.
Gaogong Lithium Battery learned that in recent years, Ningxia Hanyao has maintained a rapid momentum and promoted the formation of the positive electrode industry layout, in addition to the recycling business layout through Shandong Huajin subsidiary.
Since 2006, Ningxia Hanyao has been promoting the innovation of the lithium positive electrode industry through deep cultivation of lithium rich manganese based batteries, along the path of challenges and opportunities. It is reported that Han Yao's flagship product, lithium rich manganese based materials, has been in mass production since 2017 and currently maintains a stable monthly shipment of 100 tons.
At the same time, Ningxia Hanyao has laid out lithium ore resources (Chenzhou, Hunan) and cathode precursor (Yinchuan, Ningxia), and has already launched a closed-loop map for the entire cathode industry chain.
From material innovation to the full industry chain of positive electrodes, Ningxia Hanyao has also received attention and support from capital in this process. In 2022, Ningxia Hanyao completed a B+round financing of 650 million yuan and received investments from institutions such as Jinshi Fund and Hongtai Fund. With the assistance of capital, Ningxia Hanyao is moving towards the future with a new posture. On the closed-loop map of the positive electrode industry created by new material innovation leaders, a new story is happening in China's lithium battery industry.
Address:No.15 Xingtai North Road, Hailing District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
Hotline:0086-17712702588(Beijing time) 9:00-18:00
E-mail:james.zou@ecexspower.com